The British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society was formed in London in 1839 and became widely known as the Anti-Slavery Society. In 1909 it merged with the Aborigines’ Protection Society, which had been founded in 1837.

Beginning in the 1920s, it had close connections with white people and organisations that fought for the rights of Aboriginal people in Australia, such as Mary Montgomerie Bennett, Helen Baillie, and the Aboriginal Fellowship Group. But it also provided support to Aboriginal people and organisations such as William Cooper and the Australian Aborigines’ League.